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Simon Nilsson defended his Master Thesis. Congrats!

Simon Nilsson defended his Master thesis in Complex Adaptive Systems at Chalmers University of Technology on 14 June 2017.

Thesis title: Collective Dynamics in a Complex Environment

Thesis advisor: Giovanni Volpe

Collective behaviour is a phenomenon that often occurs in systems of many interacting individuals. Common macroscopic examples of collective behaviour are flocks of birds, swarms of insects and crowds of people. On the microscopic scale, it is often observed in so-called active systems, constituted by self-propelled particles, also known as active particles. Motile bacteria or synthetic microswim- mers are among the most commonly studied active particles.

The potential applications of collective behaviour and understanding thereof encompass multiple disciplines, ranging from robotics and medicine to algorithms, like ant colony optimization. However, the apparent complexity makes under- standing an intimidating task. Despite this, simple models have proven successful in capturing the defining characteristics of such systems.

This thesis examines a well-known model of active matter and expands it to incorporate necessary components to explore the effects a complex environment has on this pre-existing model. Additionally, a new model is proposed and explored in purely active systems as well as in complex environments. Simulations show that a phase transition between a gaseous state and the formation of metastable clusters occurs as the level of orientational noise decreases. Furthermore, they show that this model describes the formation of metastable channels in a crowded environment of passive particles.

Lovisa Hagstöm, Erik Holmberg, Eliza Nordén, Teodor Norrestad, Martin Selin & Lisa Sjöblom defended their Bachelor Thesis. Congrats!

Lovisa Hagstöm, Erik Holmberg, Eliza Nordén, Teodor Norrestad, Martin Selin & Lisa Sjöblom defended their Bachelor Thesis at Chambers University of Technology on 23 May 2017.

Title: Autonoma agenter i komplexa miljöer — En studie av tidsfördröjningens inverkan på kollektiva beteenden

Abstract: Interagerande autonoma agenter är ett högintressant och relativt outforskat område. Syftet med detta arbete är att utforska grundläggande metoder för att simulera aktiva agenter som påverkas av ett intensitetsfält med en fördröjning. Fördröjningen mellan agentens indata och dess reaktion på denna visar sig vara väsentlig vad gäller styrandet av dess beteende. Efter att de grundläggande metoderna är etablerade ämnar återstoden av arbetet att fördjupa sig i tre olika aspekter av autonoma agenter. Den rotationella diffusionskoefficienten, DR, visar sig vara en parameter som likt farten kan användas för att styra agenternas beteende. Dock syns inga kvalitativa skillnader i beteendet om inte en fördröjning införs. Med en positiv fördröjning söker sig agenterna till områden med stort DR och med en negativ söker de sig till områden med litet DR. Intressanta beteenden framkallas också genom att låta en aktiv agent röra sig i en propagerande vågpotential, både i en och två dimensioner. För det endimensionella vågfallet kan man med hjälp av fördröjningen styra om agenten färdas mot eller från vågkällan. Agenter som interagerar via tvådimensionella vågpulser kan manipuleras till att samlas eller sprida sig, beroende på fördröjningens karaktär. Slutligen utreds möjligheterna att använda autonoma aktiva agenter för att simulera rovdjur och bytesdjur. För att realisera detta används fördröjningen som styrande parameter. Utöver detta utvecklas en enkel evolutionsalgoritm där byten och rovdjur visar sig kunna anpassa sig efter varandra. Fördröjningar visar sig överlag vara ett kraftfullt verktyg för att påverka beteendet hos aktiva agenter med stor potential i framtida applikationer.

Supervisor: Giovanni Volpe, Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg
Examiner: Lena Falk, Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg

Langevin Equation on a Manifold published in Ann. Henri Poincaré

Small Mass Limit of a Langevin Equation on a Manifold

Small Mass Limit of a Langevin Equation on a Manifold
Jeremiah Birrell, Scott Hottovy, Giovanni Volpe & Jan Wehr
Annales Henri Poincaré 18(2), 707—755 (2017)
DOI: 10.1007/s00023-016-0508-3
arXiv: 1604.04819

We study damped geodesic motion of a particle of mass m on a Riemannian manifold, in the presence of an external force and noise. Lifting the resulting stochastic differential equation to the orthogonal frame bundle, we prove that, as m → 0, its solutions converge to solutions of a limiting equation which includes a noise-induced drift term. A very special case of the main result presents Brownian motion on the manifold as a limit of inertial systems.

Falko Schmidt starts his PhD

Falko Schmidt starts his PhD at the Physics Department of the University of Gothenburg on 1 January 2017.

He has a Master degree from the Physics Department of Leipzig University with a Master thesis on the realisation of a microscopic critical engine.

He will now work on his PhD thesis on the experimental study of critical fluctuations and critical Casimir forces.

Non-Boltzmann Distributions and Non-Equilibrium Relations in Active Baths published in Phys. Rev. E

Non-Boltzmann stationary distributions and non-equilibrium relations in active baths

Non-Boltzmann stationary distributions and non-equilibrium relations in active baths
Aykut Argun, Ali-Reza Moradi, Erçağ Pinçe, Gokhan Baris Bagci, Alberto Imparato & Giovanni Volpe
Physical Review E 94(6), 062150 (2016)
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.94.062150

Most natural and engineered processes, such as biomolecular reactions, protein folding, and population dynamics, occur far from equilibrium and therefore cannot be treated within the framework of classical equilibrium thermodynamics. Here we experimentally study how some fundamental thermodynamic quantities and relations are affected by the presence of the nonequilibrium fluctuations associated with an active bath. We show in particular that, as the confinement of the particle increases, the stationary probability distribution of a Brownian particle confined within a harmonic potential becomes non-Boltzmann, featuring a transition from a Gaussian distribution to a heavy-tailed distribution. Because of this, nonequilibrium relations (e.g., the Jarzynski equality and Crooks fluctuation theorem) cannot be applied. We show that these relations can be restored by using the effective potential associated with the stationary probability distribution. We corroborate our experimental findings with theoretical arguments.

Aykut Argun starts his PhD

Aykut Argun starts his PhD at the Physics Department of the University of Gothenburg on 1 December 2017.

He has a Master degree from the Physics Department of Bilkent University with a Master thesis on the experimental study of thermodynamics in active baths.

He will now work on his PhD thesis on the experimental study of nanothermodynamics.

Saga Helgadottir joins the Soft Matter Lab

Saga Helgadottir joins the Soft Matter Lab on 28 November 2017 as a PhD student at the Physics Department of the University of Gothenburg.

She has a Master degree in Physics from Chalmers University of Technology with a Master thesis on the study of the effect of plasma on biofilms.

She will work on he PhD thesis on the realisation of hybrid microswimmers and the study of bacterial dynamics in complex and crowded environments.