Invited Presentation by P. Dutta at SPIE-ETAI, San Diego, 24 August 2026

A coarse-grained molecular dynamics framework used to simulate plasmid DNA analyzed via atomic force microscopy (AFM). The resulting images are used to train a U-Net for DNA chain and crossing segmentation and classification. (Image by P. Dutta.)
ASAP (AFM simulation and analysis pipeline): a unified deep learning framework for simulation, quality control, and segmentation in atomic force microscopy (Invited Paper)
Prakhar Dutta, Jiacheng Huang, Nazli Demirpehlivan, Thomas Catley, Sylvia Whittle, Carlo Manzo, Rahul Nagshi, Rachel Owen, Giovanni Volpe
Date: 24 August 2026
Time: 10:30 AM – 11:00 AM PDT
Place: Conv. Ctr. Room 2

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) resolves biological structure and mechanics at high resolution, but produces heterogeneous datasets that are noisy and time-consuming to analyze. Although deep learning could automate quality control, segmentation and feature extraction, adoption is limited by scarce ground-truth training data and technical barriers for experimentalists. Here we present ASAP, an open-source tutorial and pipeline implemented in DeepTrack to provide a foundation for AI-enabled AFM. We demonstrate the framework with three examples: (i) an unsupervised variational autoencoder for force-curve quality control; (ii) a dual pathway simulation for DNA, offering both molecular dynamics and rapid, non-MD geometries to generate ground truth for segmentation training; and (iii) a versatile simulation framework that generates synthetic force curves for user-defined surfaces by applying selectable physical models. By consolidating simulation and learning into a modular ecosystem, this work enables users to utilize our pipeline to optimize AFM workflows for efficient data acquisition and processing.

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